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==Терминологија и преглед==
==Terminology and overview==
Претходно, терминот “База на податоци” се однесува на самиот податок и подршка
Formally, the term "database" refers to the data itself and supporting [[data structures]].
на [[структурата на податоци]][[data structures]].Базите се создадени да можат да изврушуваат операции со поголем
Databases are created to operate large quantities of information by inputting, storing, retrieving, and managing that information. Databases are set up so that one set of software programs provides all users with access to all the data.
квантитет на податоци со зачувавање, внесување и враќање на информации.
Базите се поставени за еден софтвер да му овозможи на корисникот пристап до сите информации.
"База на податоци менаџмент системот" (DBMS)е пакет компјутерски софтвер кој обезбедува интерфејс помеѓу корисникот и база на податоци или базите на податоци. Бидејќи се тесно поврзани, поимот "база на податоци" кој се користи разговорно најчесто се оденсува и на DBMS и на податоци кои се користат.
A "database management system" (DBMS) is a suite of computer software providing the interface between users and a database or databases. Because they are so closely related, the term "database" when used casually often refers to both a DBMS and the data it manipulates.
Според интеракцијата, повеќето постоечки DBMS спаѓаат под 4 групи:
Outside the world of professional [[information technology]], the term ''database'' is sometimes used casually to refer to any collection of data (perhaps a [[spreadsheet]], maybe even a card index). This article is concerned only with databases where the size and usage requirements necessitate use of a database management system.<ref name=Ullman>[[Jeffrey Ullman]] 1997: ''First course in database systems'', Prentice-Hall Inc., Simon & Schuster, Page 1, ISBN 0-13-861337-0.</ref>
*Data Definition ( дефинирање на податок ). Дефинирање на нова структура на податок во базата, бришење на структурата на податок, и менување на веќе посточка структура на податок.
The interactions catered for by most existing DBMS fall into four main groups:
*Ажурирање. Внесување, Менување и Бришење на податоци.
*Data definition. Defining new data structures for a database, removing data structures from the database, modifying the structure of existing data.
*Update. Inserting, modifying, and deleting data.
*Retrieval. Obtaining information either for end-user queries and reports or for processing by applications.
*Администрација. Регистрирање и надгледување на корисници, [[безбедност на податоците]], надгледување на перформансите на базата, враќање на податоци ако падне системот.Administration. Registering and monitoring users, enforcing [[data security]], monitoring performance, maintaining [[data integrity]], dealing with [[concurrency control]], and [[Data recovery|recovering]] information if the system fails.
DBMS е одговорна за одржување на интегритетот и безбедноста на складираните податоци.
A DBMS is responsible for maintaining the integrity and security of stored data, and for recovering information if the system fails.
Both a database and its DBMS conform to the principles of a particular [[database model]].<ref>Tsitchizris, D. C. and F. H. Lochovsky (1982). ''Data Models.'' Englewood-Cliffs, Prentice-Hall.</ref> "Database system" refers collectively to the database model, database management system, and database.<ref>Beynon-Davies P. (2004). ''Database Systems'' 3rd Edition. Palgrave, Basingstoke, UK. ISBN 1-4039-1601-2</ref>
==Апликации и улоги==
Physically, database servers are dedicated computers that hold the actual databases and run only the DBMS and related software. Database servers are usually [[multiprocessor]] computers, with generous memory and [[redundant array of independent disks|RAID]] disk arrays used for stable storage. RAID is used for recovery of data if any of the disks fails. Hardware database accelerators, connected to one or more servers via a high-speed channel, are also used in large volume transaction processing environments. DBMSs are found at the heart of most [[database application]]s. DBMSs may be built around a custom [[computer multitasking|multitasking]] [[kernel (computing)|kernel]] with built-in [[Computer network|networking]] support, but modern DBMSs typically rely on a standard [[operating system]] to provide these functions. {{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} Since DBMSs comprise a significant [[Economy|economical]] [[market]], computer and storage vendors often take into account DBMS requirements in their own development plans.{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}
Databases and DBMSs can be categorized according to the [[database model]](s) that they support (such as relational or XML), the type(s) of computer they run on (from a server cluster to a mobile phone), the [[query language]](s) used to access the database (such as [[SQL]] or [[XQuery]]), and their internal engineering, which affects performance, scalability, resilience, and security.
==Applications and roles==
{{unreferenced section|date=March 2013}}
Повеќето организации во поразвиените држави зависат од Базите на Податоци за нивните [[бизнис операции]]. Базите не само се користат за внатрешни операции во органиција, но и за комуникација помеѓу клиентот и снабдувачот (погледни [[Софтвер за продажба]]).
Most organizations in developed countries today depend on databases for their [[business operations]]. Increasingly, databases are not only used to support the internal operations of the organization, but also to underpin its online interactions with customers and suppliers (see [[Enterprise software]]). Databases are not used only to hold administrative information, but are often embedded within applications to hold more specialized data: for example engineering data or economic models. Examples of database applications include computerized [[library]] systems, [[flight reservation system]]s, and computerized [[parts inventory system]]s.
[[ClientКлиент-serverсервер]] orили [[DatabaseБаза transactionна податоци на трансакција|трансакционални]] DBMS се најчесто сложени да се одржи добра ефикасност на базата и безбедност кога голем број на корисници ја пребаруваат и ажурираат базата на податоци во исто време. or [[transactional]] DBMSs are often complex to maintain high [[IT Performance Management|performance]], [[availability]] and [[security]] when many users are querying and updating the database at the same time. Personal, desktop-based database systems tend to be less complex. For example, [[FileMaker]] and [[Microsoft Access]] come with built-in [[graphical user interface]]s.
===General-purpose and special-purpose DBMSs===
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