Паратироиден хормон: Разлика помеѓу преработките

[проверена преработка][проверена преработка]
Избришана содржина Додадена содржина
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Ред 1:
{{Infobox gene}}
'''Паратироидниот хормон''' (''PTH'', ''паратхормон'', ''паратирин'') го лачат паратироидни клетки од [[паратироидната жлезда]] како [[полипептид]] кој содржи 84 [[аминокиселини]]. Тој делува така што ја зголемува концентрацијата на [[калциумот]] (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) во [[крвта]], додека [[калцитонинот]] (хормонот кој го произведуваат [[парафоликуларните клетки]] (Ц клетки) од [[тироидната жлезда]]) ја смалува концентрацијата на калциумот.
-{PTH}- делува така што ја зголемува концентрацијата на калциум во крвта. Тој се врзува за [[рецепторот на паратироидниот хормон1]] (кој е присутен во висока концентрација во коските и бубрезите) и за [[рецепторот на паратироидниот хормон 2]] (кој e високо изрзен во [[централниот нервен систем|централниот нервен систем]], во [[панкреасот]], [[тестисите]], и [[постелката]]).<ref>{{GeorgiaPhysiology|5/5ch6/s5ch6_11}}</ref> -{PTH}- полураспадот e приближно 4 минути.<ref name="pmid12324490">{{cite journal | author = Bieglmayer C, Prager G, Niederle B | title = Kinetic analyses of parathyroid hormone clearance as measured by three rapid immunoassays during parathyroidectomy | journal = Clin. Chem. | volume = 48 | issue = 10 | pages=1731-8 | year = 2002 | month = October | pmid = 12324490 | doi = | url = http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/abstract/48/10/1731 }}</ref> Тој има молекуларна маса 9,4 [[kDa]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Prahalad AK, Hickey RJ, Huang J,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Serum proteome profiles identifies parathyroid hormone physiologic response |journal=Proteomics |volume=6 |issue=12 |pages=3482-93 |year=2006 |month=June |pmid=16705755 |doi=10.1002/pmic.200500929 |url=}}</ref>
 
== Структура ==
Ред 36:
*{{cite journal | author=Parfitt AM |title=Parathyroid hormone and periosteal bone expansion |journal=J. Bone Miner. Res. |volume=17 |issue= 10 |pages=1741-3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12369776 |doi=10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.10.1741 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Martin TJ |title=Does bone resorption inhibition affect the anabolic response to parathyroid hormone? |journal=Trends Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=15 |issue= 2 |pages=49-50 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15080150 |doi=10.1016/j.tem.2004.01.002 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Keutmann HT, Sauer MM, Hendy GN,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Complete amino acid sequence of human parathyroid hormone |journal=Biochemistry |volume=17 |issue= 26 |pages=5723-9 |year= 1979 |pmid= 728431 |doi=10.1021/bi00619a019 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Keutmann HT, Niall HD, O'Riordan JL, Potts JT |title=A reinvestigation of the amino-terminal sequence of human parathyroid hormone |journal=Biochemistry |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages=1842-7 |year= 1975 |pmid= 1125201| doi=10.1021/bi00680a006}}
*{{cite journal | author=Parkinson DB, Thakker RV |title=A donor splice site mutation in the parathyroid hormone gene is associated with autosomal recessive hypoparathyroidism |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=1 |issue= 2 |pages=149-52 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1302009 |doi= 10.1038/ng0592-149 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Handt O, Reis A, Schmidtke J |title=Ectopic transcription of the parathyroid hormone gene in lymphocytes, lymphoblastoid cells and tumour tissue |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=135 |issue= 2 |pages=249-56 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1474331 |doi=10.1677/joe.0.1350249 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tonoki H, Narahara K, Matsumoto T, Niikawa N |title=Regional mapping of the parathyroid hormone gene (PTH) by cytogenetic and molecular studies |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=56 |issue= 2 |pages=103-4 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1672845 |doi=10.1159/000133059 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Marx UC, Adermann K, Bayer P,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Structure-activity relation of NH2-terminal human parathyroid hormone fragments. |journal=J Biol Chem. |volume= 273 |issue= 8 |pages=4308-16 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9468478 | doi= 10.1074/jbc.273.8.4308}}
*{{cite journal | author=Arnold A, Horst SA, Gardella TJ,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Mutation of the signal peptide-encoding region of the preproparathyroid hormone gene in familial isolated hypoparathyroidism |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=86 |issue= 4 |pages=1084-7 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2212001| doi=10.1172/JCI114811 | pmc=296835}}
*{{cite journal | author=Nussbaum SR, Gaz RD, Arnold A |title=Hypercalcemia and ectopic secretion of parathyroid hormone by an ovarian carcinoma with rearrangement of the gene for parathyroid hormone |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=323 |issue= 19 |pages=1324-8 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2215618 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199011083231907 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ahn TG, Antonarakis SE, Kronenberg HM,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Familial isolated hypoparathyroidism: a molecular genetic analysis of 8 families with 23 affected persons |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=65 |issue= 2 |pages=73-81 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3005800 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tregear GW, van Rietschoten J, Greene E,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Solid-phase synthesis of the biologically active N-terminal 1 - 34 peptide of human parathyroid hormone |journal=Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. |volume=355 |issue= 4 |pages=415-21 |year= 1975 |pmid= 4474131 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Niall HD, Sauer RT, Jacobs JW,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=The Amino-Acid Sequence of the Amino-Terminal 37 Residues of Human Parathyroid Hormone |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=71 |issue= 2 |pages=384-8 |year= 1974 |pmid= 4521809| doi=10.1073/pnas.71.2.384 | pmc=388010}}
*{{cite journal | author=Andreatta RH, Hartmann A, Jöhl A,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=[Synthesis of sequence 1-34 of human parathyroid hormone] |journal=Helv. Chim. Acta |volume=56 |issue= 1 |pages=470-3 |year= 1973 |pmid= 4721748 |doi= 10.1002/hlca.19730560139 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jacobs JW, Kemper B, Niall HD,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Structural analysis of human proparathyroid hormone by a new microsequencing approach |journal=Nature |volume=249 |issue= 453 |pages=155-7 |year= 1974 |pmid= 4833516| doi=10.1038/249155a0}}
*{{cite journal | author=Vasicek TJ, McDevitt BE, Freeman MW,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Nucleotide sequence of the human parathyroid hormone gene |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=80 |issue= 8 |pages=2127-31 |year= 1983 |pmid= 6220408| doi=10.1073/pnas.80.8.2127 | pmc=393770}}
*{{cite journal | author=Mayer H, Breyel E, Bostock C, Schmidtke J |title=Assignment of the human parathyroid hormone gene to chromosome 11 |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=64 |issue= 3 |pages=283-5 |year= 1983 |pmid= 6885073| doi=10.1007/BF00279412}}
*{{cite journal | author=Hendy GN, Kronenberg HM, Potts JT, Rich A |title=Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNAs encoding human preproparathyroid hormone |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=78 |issue= 12 |pages=7365-9 |year= 1982 |pmid= 6950381 |doi=10.1073/pnas.78.12.7365 | pmc=349267 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hendy GN, Bennett HP, Gibbs BF,|display-authors= ''et al.'' |title=Proparathyroid hormone is preferentially cleaved to parathyroid hormone by the prohormone convertase furin. A mass spectrometric study |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 16 |pages=9517-25 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7721880 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.16.9517 }}
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* {{Cite book |ref= harv|last=Costanzo | first = Linda S. | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = BRS Physiology | publisher = Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins |year=2007 | location = |pages=260 |url=http://www.amazon.com/Physiology-Board-Review-Linda-Costanzo/dp/0781773113/ | doi = | id = |id=ISBN 978-0-7817-7311-9}}